Which pregnancy complication involves convulsions and coma in severe cases?

• A. Eclampsia.
• B. Preeclampsia.
• C. Gestational diabetes.
• D. Ectopic pregnancy.

Answer: (A)

Eclampsia is the severe progression of a hypertensive disorder in pregnancy where seizures occur, and in the most extreme cases, coma can follow. Preeclampsia involves high blood pressure and often protein in the urine after mid-pregnancy, but seizures are not a defining feature; when seizures do occur, the condition is called eclampsia. Gestational diabetes is about elevated blood sugar during pregnancy, not seizures, and an ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy implanted outside the uterus, which presents with different symptoms like pain and possible rupture. The defining signal here is the appearance of convulsions and potential coma, which marks eclampsia and requires urgent stabilization and delivery to protect both mother and baby.