Which term describes inflammation of the liver typically caused by a viral infection?

• A. Jaundice
• B. Hepatitis
• C. Cholangitis
• D. Gallstones

Answer: (B)

Liver inflammation is called hepatitis. The suffix -itis indicates inflammation, and hepatitis specifically names inflammation of the liver tissue. Viral infections such as hepatitis A, B, and C are common causes, though other factors can also trigger liver inflammation. Jaundice describes the yellowing of the skin and eyes from high bilirubin and may occur with hepatitis, but it is a symptom, not the disease itself. Cholangitis is an inflammation of the bile ducts, not the liver, and gallstones are solid deposits in the gallbladder that can cause pain or blockages rather than an inflammatory liver condition. So the term for liver inflammation typically caused by a viral infection is hepatitis.